什么是骨质疏松症?
骨质疏松症 is a disease in which your bones lose their density and quality. It places you at a high risk of easily breaking a bone without experiencing a major trauma or injury. In good health, new bone tissue constantly replaces old bone tissue in your body. 然而, 如果你有骨质疏松症, the rate of bone destruction is higher than the rate of new bone formation. 因此，你的骨骼会变弱.
骨量减少和. 骨质疏松症
Osteopenia (low bone density) is a stage of bone loss that occurs before osteoporosis. 这意味着你的骨骼比正常人弱. 你也可能会骨折. 随着时间的推移，骨质减少可能发展为骨质疏松症.
骨质疏松症状
Experts often call osteoporosis a silent condition because it doesn’t cause any noticeable symptoms on its own.
骨质疏松症的早期预警信号
Some people don’t know they have osteoporosis until they break a bone. It’s crucial to have bone density screenings as you age because there are no early warning signs of osteoporosis.
骨质疏松会导致疼痛吗？?
骨质疏松症 doesn’t cause pain unless it causes a painful bone fracture. 有些人有其他导致疼痛的原因, 比如关节炎或椎间盘突出, 还有骨质疏松症. 但这种情况本身并不会引起疼痛.
骨质疏松症会让你疲劳吗?
骨质疏松症不会让你感到疲倦. 如果你觉得比平时更疲劳, it’s likely related to another condition or general aging and not osteoporosis.
骨质疏松症的成因?
你的骨头总是在形成和破坏. 骨质疏松症 occurs when the rate of bone formation slows down and the rate of bone destruction goes up.
The most common cause of osteoporosis is estrogen deficiency. 较低的雌激素水平，见于女性 更年期会削弱骨骼. 其他一些常见的原因包括：
- 男性睾酮水平低
- 甲状腺或甲状旁腺过度活跃
- Malabsorption disorders that affect your gut's absorption of calcium and vitamin D, 比如乳糜泻或结肠炎
- 减肥手术
- 器官移植
- 长期使用类固醇
- Cancer treatments that lower your estrogen and testosterone levels
骨质疏松危险因素
骨质疏松症最常发生于 绝经后妇女 还有70岁以上的人.
You’re also more likely to get osteoporosis if you have a smaller body frame, 低体重, 或者有骨质疏松的家族史. 一些生活方式因素会影响你的风险：
- 吸烟
- 过量饮酒
- 钙和维生素D摄入不足
- 缺乏锻炼
为什么骨质疏松症对女性的影响大于男性?
Although osteoporosis can occur in anyone, it’s much more common in women. As estrogen levels decline after 更年期, women are much more likely to develop the disease.
骨质疏松症是遗传的吗？?
研究 shows that your genetics can play a major role in your risk of developing osteoporosis.
骨质疏松症进展有多快?
骨质疏松症 tends to progress slowly over several years. It may progress more quickly if you are taking high-dose steroids. The good news is that you can reduce risk factors that cause bone loss to slow or stop the progression of osteoporosis.
骨质疏松症的骨密度筛查
骨质疏松症 doesn’t cause any symptoms in early stages, so getting a bone density scan is especially important. The most common osteoporosis screening tool is a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA或DXA)扫描.
Doctors typically recommend that all women over 65 and men over 70 get a DEXA screening. Your provider may advise getting a DEXA bone scan earlier if you have risk factors for osteoporosis. Your provider will perform DEXA scans of your lower spine and hip to check for osteoporosis. 他们也可以扫描你的前臂.
骨质疏松症的治疗
骨质疏松症 treatment involves a combination of lifestyle changes and prescription medications to improve bone density and lower your risk of fractures:
- Optimize your intake of calcium and vitamin D with dietary changes or supplements
- Perform weight-bearing and balance-improving exercises regularly
- 预防跌倒的
- 将酒精摄入量限制在每天两杯以下
- 戒烟
- Reduce the use of steroids or other medicines that cause bone loss
骨质疏松症的药物
Your provider will prescribe medicines that improve your bone health: bone builders (anabolics) or bone stabilizers (anti-resorptives). 他们将讨论每种方法的好处和风险, considering your preferences and the cost when choosing the best medication for you. Some osteoporosis medicines are given as an injection in the doctor’s office. Depending on the medicine, it may be every month, every six months, or every year.
补钙有助于骨质疏松症吗?
钙补充剂可以大发娱乐维持骨骼健康. Your provider will review your diet to determine if you need to take a calcium supplement.
骨质疏松症的运动
Regular exercise is one of the most effective ways to increase bone health and prevent falls. 负重练习, 比如低强度有氧运动, 走, 爬楼梯, 或者椭圆训练是最有用的. 像游泳这样的运动对骨骼没有好处. Your doctor likely will advise you to avoid high-impact exercises, 比如跑步, 跳, 或者高接触性运动, 降低你骨折的风险.
Exercises to improve your balance and prevent falls are also important. Your doctor may refer you to a physical therapist to learn how to do these exercises safely and effectively.
骨质疏松症的预防
没有保证预防骨质疏松症的方法, but you can significantly lower your risk of developing it. The same recommended lifestyle changes that help treat osteoporosis can also help prevent it.
在犹他大学健康中心，大发娱乐大发娱乐提供 Build-a-Bone程序 to help prevent and mange osteopenia and osteoporosis. 在这些课程中, our medical professionals and educators will teach exercises and nutrition changes and discuss medications to help improve your bone health.
找一位内分泌专家
转诊病人
To refer a patient to the 骨质疏松症 and 代谢骨骼健康计划, call 801-581-7761.
病人资源
骨密度扫描
University of Utah Health offers bone density scans—also called DEXA scans—to measure how healthy your bones are.
骨质疏松症的资源
如果你刚刚被诊断患有骨质疏松症, 你可能想知道这对你的健康意味着什么. The good news is that it can be diagnosed and treated.
听听大发娱乐专家的意见
支撑骨骼 & 他们会支持你
You're never too young or too old to be concerned about bone health. If you don't consume enough calcium in your diet to keep your body functioning, 钙从你的骨骼中消失了, 你的骨密度降低了, 骨折的风险也会增加.
保持骨骼健康 & 坚强走过岁月
骨质疏松症 and other bone conditions can mean the difference between living independently and needing full-time assistance as we age. One of our women's health experts weighs in on what constitutes good bone health—and how you can help ensure your bones stay strong as you age.